\u96d6\u7136\u5ee0\u5546\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\u8a5e\u8aaa\u5b83\u5c0d\u6bdb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7121\u6bd2\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53ea\u56e0\u70ba\u55ae\u7d14\u5730\u4ee5\u70ba\u8df3\u86a4\u662f\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u6606\u87f2\uff0c\u5728\u72d7\u72d7\u8eab\u4e0a\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u70ba\u4e86\u5c07\u8df3\u86a4\u58c1\u8768\u5168\u9762\u8d95\u51fa\u72d7\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u865b\u7121\u6f02\u6e3a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u53bb\u6bd2\u5bb3\u4f60\u7684\u72d7\u5152\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u9ede\u9053\u7406\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6bcf\u5e74\u5168\u7f8e\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u6709\u8d85\u904e\uff15\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u92b7\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7576\u7136\u8df3\u86a4\u8207\u58c1\u8768\u662f\u6703\u4ee4\u72d7\u5152\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff09\u611f\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u9632\u86a4\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u7269\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8df3\u86a4\u58c1\u8768\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u85c9\u7531\u5c0d\u5927\u8166\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u4f86\u9664\u53bb\u72d7\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u8df3\u86a4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u5e72\u64fe\u4e86\u7260\u7684\u5167\u5206\u6ccc\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4\u764c\u75c7\u2014\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u653e\u4e00\u628a\u706b\u628a\u623f\u5b50\u71d2\u4e86\u4f86\u6d88\u6ec5\u5c4b\u4e2d\u7684\u87f2\u87f2\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53c8\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u65b0\u7522\u54c1\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u90fd\u5c0d\u4eba\u9ad4\u53ca\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5ee3\u544a\u8a5e\u4e2d\u5ba3\u7a31\u7684\u525b\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u8655\u65b9\u7528\u85e5\u6216\u975e\u8655\u65b9\u9632\u86a4\u85e5\u54c1\uff0c\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u9032\u5165\u72d7\u5152\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff08\u809d\u3001\u814e\uff09\uff0c\u79fb\u81f3\u8178\u9053\uff0c\u518d\u5f9e\u7cde\u4fbf\u53ca\u5c3f\u6db2\u6392\u51fa\u3002\u4e26\u4e0d\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u53ea\u8981\u8207\u6709\u65bd\u7528\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u505a\u904e\u8fd1\u8ddd\u96e2\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6bd2\u6027\u6240\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5c0d\u6bcf\u500b\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u4f86\u8aaa\u5f71\u97ff\u6709\u500b\u9ad4\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u9a57\u53ca\u6e2c\u8a66\u5747\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u8b49\u660e\u6162\u6027\u53ca\u6025\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u5118\u7ba1\u5ee0\u5546\u5ba3\u7a31\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6709\u5b55\u5a66\u3001\u5b30\u5e7c\u5152\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u6975\u529b\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf5\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u86a4\u9664\u87f2\u9838\u5708\u3001\u5674\u5291\u6216\u6ef4\u5291\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u5177\u6709\u9664\u86a4\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6d17\u6bdb\u7cbe\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b55\u5a66\u3001\u5b30\u5e7c\u5152\u7522\u751f\u9577\u671f\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u9632\u86a4\u9805\u5708\uff0c\u9664\u86a4\u7c89\uff0c\u5674\u5291\uff0c\u6d17\u6bdb\u7cbe\u53ca\u6ef4\u5291\u7b49\u542b\u6709\u6709\u6a5f\u78f7\u6bba\u87f2\u5291(Organophosphates\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9676\u65af\u677e(Chlorpyrifos) \uff0c\u99ac\u62c9\u677e(Malathion) \u53ca\u5927\u5229\u677e(Diazinon)\u7b49\u8fb2\u85e5\uff0c\u9664\u87f2\u83ca\uff08pyrethrins\uff09\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u9664\u87f2\u83ca\u7cbe(synthetic pyrethroids)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9178\u9e7d\u985e(carbamates)\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u9632\u87f2\u7684\u9818\u5148\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u60dc\u5b83\u5011\u4e5f\u5c0e\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u9ad4\u53ca\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u5f8c\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5c31\u88ab\u81ea\u5e02\u5834\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u662f\u6bcf\u6708\u4e00\u7ba1\uff0c\u65bd\u7528\u5728\u72d7\u5152\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4e0a\u7684\u6ef4\u5291\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u5ee0\u5546\u7a4d\u6975\u63a8\u5ee3\u53ca\u7378\u91ab\u5ba3\u7a31\u8207\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u76f8\u8f03\u4e0b\u5b89\u5168\u8a31\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5c1a\u4e0d\u9577\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u4efd\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u76ca\u767e\u5206\u300d\u542b\u6709\u76ca\u9054\u80fa(Imidacloprid)\uff0c\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u542b\u6709\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c(fipronil)\uff0cBioSpot\u542b\u6709\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7(Permethrin) \uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7522\u54c1\u9084\u6709\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\uff08methoprene\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u767e\u5229\u666e\u82ac\uff08pyriproxy fen\uff09\u7b49\u8fb2\u85e5\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u7d93\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\u6703\u5c0d\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7d10\u7d04\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c40\u5c40\u9577Eliot Spitzer\u5373\u66fe\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5927\u773e\u5fc5\u9808\u9ad4\u8a8d\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6216\u66dd\u9732\u5728\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u77e5\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5011\u6240\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6b20\u7f3a\u6709\u95dc\u7dad\u7e6b\u53ca\u4fdd\u8b77\u6211\u5011\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u601d\u8003\u53bb\u4e0b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u4e9b\u8207\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\u3002\u65b0\u7522\u54c1\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c0d\u52d5\u7269\u53ca\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5831\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd(active)\u53ca\u6b21\u8981\u6210\u4efd(inert ingredients)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u77ad\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002
\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5316\u5b78\u7522\u54c1\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u7531\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff08active)\u53ca\u6b21\u8981\u6210\u4efd\uff08inert)\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u537b\u5357\u8f45\u5317\u8f4d\u3002\u5728\u9632\u86a4\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u6bba\u6b7b\u8df3\u86a4\u53ca\u58c1\u8768\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u6b21\u8981\u6210\u4efd\u537b\u4e5f\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u53ea\u6709\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u61c9\u8a72\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b89\u5168\u624d\u662f\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u300d0.1%\u662f\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed699.9%\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u300c\u61c9\u8a72\u300d\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u611f\u5230\u5b89\u5fc3\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u82e5\u77e5\u9053\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u611f\u5230\u5341\u5206\u9a5a\u6115\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c40(EPA)\u5c0d\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6a19\u6e96\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\u9ad8\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u901a\u904eEPA\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u6aa2\u6e2c\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4e26\u5217\u5728\u5167\u9801\u53ca\u5305\u88dd\u8aaa\u660e\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6b21\u8981\u6210\u4efd\u5247\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5982\u6b64\u505a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6b21\u8981\u6210\u4efd\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6025\u6027\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u662f\u5177\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6bd4\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\u66f4\u6bd2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u4e9b\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u4e2d\u6703\u6709\u7684\u6695Naphthalene(\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u6a1f\u8166\u4e38\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u76ca\u9054\u80faimidacloprid \u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u8b49\u660e\u5b83\u6703\u81f4\u764c\uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u8cc7\u6599\u8a3c\u660e\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u63a5\u89f8\u8418\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6703\u767c\u751f\u5305\u62ec\u5589\u764c\u3001\u80c3\u764c\u548c\u7d50\u8178\u764c\u5728\u5167\u7684\u764c\u75c7\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5438\u5165\u6027\u7684\u9f3b\u54bd\u764c\u3001\u8ca7\u8840\u3001\u809d\u81df\u53d7\u640d\u3001\u767d\u5167\u969c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ae\u819a\u904e\u654f\u3002\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u7684Advantage\u86a4\u5b89\u5c31\u66fe\u9020\u6210\u8a31\u591a\u8c93\u54aa\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5ee0\u5546\u4e0d\u628a\u7522\u54c1\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u90fd\u5b8c\u5168\u63ed\u793a\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba1949\u5e74\u6642\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u6703\u901a\u904e\u806f\u90a6\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u3001\u6bba\u83cc\u5291\u3001\u6bba\u9f20\u5291\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31FIFRA(Federal Insecticide\u3001Fungicide\u3001and Rodenticide Act)\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u88fd\u9020\u5546\u57fa\u65bc\u7af6\u722d\u53ca\u5546\u696d\u6a5f\u5bc6\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5c07\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8b77\u9019\u500b\u7522\u696d\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65b7\u907f\u514d\u54ea\u4e9b\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u5730\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u901a\u904eEPA\u6e2c\u8a66\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u518a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5047\u5b9a\u5728\u4e0a\u5e02\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u6392\u9664\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\uff0c\u6210\u5e74\u4e14\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u5408\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u4f86\u6e2c\u8a66\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u7269\u53ca\u4eba\u9ad4\u8a66\u9a57\u4f86\u63a8\u8ad6\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u5728\u9632\u86a4\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3b\u7684\u8001\u9f20\uff0c\u8c93\u72d7\u7b49\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9019\u4e9b\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u670950%\u7684\u81f4\u6b7b\u7387\uff0c\u767d\u8a71\u4e00\u9ede\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5c0d\u50cf\u6703\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u6025\u6027\u53ca\u6162\u6027\u6548\u679c\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u6e2c\u8a66\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u640d\u5bb3\uff08\u5982\u80ba\uff0c\u814e\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53d7\u6e2c\u5c0d\u50cf\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u651c\u7272\u3002\u6025\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u76ae\u819a\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\u88ab\u9a57\u8b49\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6703\u63a1\u53d63\uff0c13\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca52\u9031\u7684\u9593\u9694\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u5291\u91cf\u4f86\u53d6\u5f97\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u8a66\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u300c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u88ab\u5f15\u5c0e\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c0d\u9ad8\u5291\u91cf\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u6210\u4efd\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u806f\u6027\u7684\u300d\uff0cEPA\u7684\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u90e8\u9580Virginia Dobozy\u535a\u58eb\u8868\u793a\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u9ede\u982d\uff0c\u81c9\u90e8\u62bd\u6410\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u4e0d\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u7728\u52d5\uff0c\u5614\u5410\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u813e\u3001\u80f8\u817a\u4ee5\u53ca\u814e\u4e0a\u817a\u800c\u9ad4\u91cd\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u80f8\u817a\u840e\u7e2e\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9577\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u77ad\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7684\u6162\u6027\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u62ff\u4f86\u505a\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u4f8b\u5982\u764c\u75c7\u3001\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\uff08immune suppression\uff09\u3001\u7834\u58de\u767c\u80b2\u53ca\u751f\u6b96\u7cfb\u7d71\u4ee5\u53ca\u7834\u58deDNA\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u82b1\u4e0a\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u6216\u5e7e\u5e74\u624d\u6703\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u72d7\u5152\u9577\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u55ae\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u6216\u591a\u7a2e\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6f5b\u5728\u640d\u5bb3\u5247\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u662f\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u6548\u679c\u2014\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u5ba4\u5167\u8207\u6236\u5916\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5546\u696d\u7522\u54c1\u8981\u4e0a\u5e02\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7684\u9ad4\u5167\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6027\u6216\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f71\u97ff\u90fd\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7d93\u904eEPA\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u70ba\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u90a3\u4e9b\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u5ee3\u544a\u6240\u8981\u8b93\u4f60\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u9084\u627f\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7522\u696d\u7684\u8cea\u7591\u5747\u5ba3\u7a31EPA\u5217\u518a\u7684\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u800c\u5f9e\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u5e73\u8861\u4ee5\u53ca\u74b0\u5883\u8003\u616e\u7b49\u9867\u616e\u90fd\u5c0d\u5ee0\u5546\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u7528\u6236\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5ee0\u5546\u53caEPA\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e26\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u8b39\u614e\uff0c\u8eab\u70ba\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u53ca\u76e3\u7763\u8005\u7684\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u61c9\u5341\u5206\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u6548\u679c\u592a\u597d\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4eca\u65e5\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u662f\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u52de\u65af\u840a\u65af\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u5728\u5404\u52d5\u7269\u91ab\u9662\u53ca\u5bf5\u7269\u5e97\u92b7\u552e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u9805\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u5ba3\u7a31\u5b83\u5011\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6703\u5c0d\u87f2\u87f2\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u751a\u81f3\u7d93\u5e38\u5ee3\u544a\u5305\u88dd\u6210\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u5e7c\u7ae5\u53ca\u6210\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u516b\u9031\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b30\u5152\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\u8a5e\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u6548\u679c\u592a\u597d\u800c\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u4e0d\u812b\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7684\u56db\u9805\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u90fd\u6703\u5c0d\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u524d\u4e09\u7a2e\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u76ca\u9054\u80fa(Imidacloprid\uff0c\u65b0\u985e\u5c3c\u53e4\u4e01\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\uff09\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c(fipronil\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u542b\u82ef\u4e4b\u6bd4\u9162\u985e\u6bba\u87f2\u5291Phenylpyrazole insecticides)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7(Permethrin\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5ee3\u6548\u578b\u9664\u87f2\u83ca\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8c93\u54aa\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u6703\u81f4\u6b7b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u542b\u6709\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\u6210\u4efd\u7684\u6ef4\u5291\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5728\u8c93\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\uff09\u9019\u4e09\u7a2e\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u5e72\u64fe\u87f2\u87f2\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u63a5\u89f8\u6216\u651d\u53d6\u5316\u5b78\u6210\u4efd\u800c\u6bba\u6b7b\u87f2\u87f2\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u7a2e\u5305\u62ec\u6606\u87f2\u751f\u9577\u8abf\u7bc0\u5291IGR(insect growth regulator)\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u6bba\u6b7b\u8df3\u86a4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u8df3\u86a4\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u53f2\u800c\u9054\u9632\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u76ca\u9054\u80fa(Imidacloprid)
\u662f\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u57281994\u5e74\u624d\u88ab\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\u8001\u9f20\uff0c\u72d7\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b49\u660e\u5b83\u5c0d\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u795e\u7d93\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e2d\u6bd2\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u77e5\u89ba\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5354\u8abf\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u7a98\u8feb\uff0c\u80f8\u817a\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u6642\u9ad4\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u589e\u52a0\u5148\u5929\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c(fipronil)
1996\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u6240\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u6bd2\u53ca\u88ab\u61f7\u7591\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u6709\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u809d\u4e2d\u6bd2\uff0c\u80f8\u817a\u816b\u7624\uff0c\u814e\u81df\u53d7\u640d\uff0c\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u5931\u8abf\uff0c\u77e5\u89ba\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5354\u8abf\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u7a98\u8feb\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u6d41\u7522\u53ca\u5f8c\u4ee3\u66f4\u5c0f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\u5bf5\u7269\u8b77\u7406\u7528\u54c1\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0cEPA\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u90e8\u9580\u7684Dr. Virginia Dobozy\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u9577\u6642\u671f\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5f8c\u6703\u6709\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7(Permethrin)
\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5ee3\u6548\u578b\u9664\u87f2\u83ca\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u7591\u4f3c\u8207\u5167\u5206\u6ccc\u5931\u8abf\u53ca\u5c0e\u81f4\u80ba\u764c\u53ca\u809d\u816b\u7624\u764c\u6709\u95dc\u3002\uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u53f0\u7063\u5e02\u552e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5674\u9727\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u542b\u6709Permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u984d\u5916\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\uff08methoprene\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u767e\u5229\u666e\u82ac\uff08pyriproxy fen\uff09\u7b49\u8fb2\u85e5\u3002\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\u53ca\u767e\u5229\u666e\u82ac\u90fd\u662f\u6606\u87f2\u751f\u9577\u8abf\u7bc0\u5291(insect growth regulator)\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u6291\u5236\u8df3\u86a4\u7684\u6210\u9577\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u7e41\u884d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u800c\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u809d\u81df\u816b\u5927\u4ee5\u53ca\u90e8\u4efd\u814e\u81df\u8870\u7aed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u5b83\u5011\u88ab\u5ba3\u7a31\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u90fd\u986f\u793a\u5728\u6025\u6027\u53ca\u6162\u6027\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6ef4\u5291\u7684\u5ee0\u5546\u90fd\u8a66\u5716\u60f3\u8981\u8aaa\u670d\u8a31\u591a\u7378\u91ab\u53ca\u52d5\u7269\u76e3\u7763\u8005\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u72d7\u5152\u6240\u5438\u6536\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6587\u5ba3\u4e2d\u9245\u7d30\u9761\u907a\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u4e9b\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u6bdb\u56ca\u4ee5\u53ca\u72d7\u5152\u7684\u76ae\u5c64\u6240\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u88fd\u9020\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684Merial\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u95dc\u65bcFrontline\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\uff08\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff09\u6703\u88ab\u76ae\u819a\u6240\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u76ae\u8102\u817a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u5929\u7136\u5132\u5b58\u9014\u5f91\u7d66\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\u6703\u7d93\u7531\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u65bd\u85e5\u9ede\u96e2\u958b\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u8dd1\u5230\u8eab\u9ad4\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u53bb\ufe63\ufe63\u9019\u5169\u6bb5\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
EPA\u7684Dr. Bobozy\u535a\u58eb\u8a55\u4f30\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\u5728\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6642\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9245\u91cf\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\u4e0d\u53ea\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u53ca\u8102\u80aa\u4e2d\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9084\u5728\u5c3f\u6db2\u53ca\u7cde\u4fbf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u4efd\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u662f\u88ab\u8eab\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u6240\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7378\u91ab\u53ca\u98fc\u4e3b\u82e5\u82b1\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cbe\u795e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u6703\u88ab\u8eab\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u6240\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u7684\u7378\u91abDr. Stephen Blake\u5f15\u8ff0\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9632\u86a4\u7d93\u9a57\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u70ba\u72d7\u5152\u6ef4\u4e86\u300c\u86a4\u5b89\u300d(Advantage)\u6578\u5206\u9418\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u72d7\u5152\u7684\u547c\u5438\u88e1\u805e\u5230\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u8207\u62dc\u8033\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u66f8\u4e0a\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u4e0d\u6703\u72d7\u5152\u8eab\u9ad4\u6240\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u4f34\u4fb6\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u8cea\u7591\u9019\u985e\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u50b7\u5bb3\u795e\u7d93\u5065\u5eb7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u908f\u8f2f\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u82e5\u4e0d\u88ab\u76ae\u819a\u6240\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u9020\u6210\u795e\u7d93\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u65bd\u7528\u8fb2\u85e5\u3001\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6642\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6234\u624b\u5957\uff0c\u53e3\u7f69\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5438\u5165\u6216\u63a5\u89f8\u76ae\u819a\u9020\u6210\u795e\u7d93\u4e2d\u6bd2\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u542b\u6709\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7(Permethrin) \u8fb2\u85e5\u7684\u9664\u86a4\u5291\u5982\u5ee0\u5546\u6240\u5ba3\u7a31\u7121\u5bb3\uff0c\u90a3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868MSDSs(Naterial Data Safety Sheets\uff09\u5c0d\u542b\u6709\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7(Permethrin) \u8fb2\u85e5\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u5efa\u8b70\u4e0d\u8981\u9577\u6642\u9593\u76ae\u819a\u63a5\u89f8\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u7279\u5225\u8a3b\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u76ae\u819a\u9ebb\u75fa\u53ca\u523a\u75db\u611f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5148\u9748\u5bf6\u4e9e\u516c\u53f8\uff08Schering-Plough Corp\uff09\u7684\u6ef4\u5fc5\u9664(Defend EXSpot\uff09\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u5c31\u7279\u5225\u52a0\u8a3b\u8b66\u8a9e\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u76ae\u819a\u5438\u6536\u6216\u5438\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u6688\u7729\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u80c3\u7b49\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u62dc\u8033\u516c\u53f8\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63ed\u793aAdvantage\u300c\u86a4\u5b89\u300d90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u52a0\u8a3b\u8b66\u8a9e\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u8981\u6234\u53e3\u7f69\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u9020\u6210\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5982\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u982d\u6688\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff08\u9019\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff09\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u62dc\u8033\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u86a4\u5b89\u300d\u7684\u5ba3\u50b3\u54c1\u4e2d\u537b\u662f\u5927\u524c\u523a\u5730\u5ba3\u7a31\uff1a\u300c\u4f7f\u752820-24\u500d\u7684\u5291\u91cf\u65bc\u72ac\u8c93\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4efb\u4f55\u5167\u5728\u6216\u5916\u5728\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528…\u5f9e\u5176\u4ed6\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u86a4\u5b89\uff0c\u5c0d\u4f60\u7684\u5bf5\u7269\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u7378\u91abDr. Graham Hines\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u70ba\u4e00\u96bb\u56db\u6b72\u7684\u6bcd\u5fb7\u570b\u72fc\u72ac\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u7d93\u904e\uff0c\u7260\u66fe\u56e0\u5169\u6b21\u65bd\u7528\u62dc\u8033\u7684Advantage\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684Top Spot\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u9069\u800c\u5230\u52d5\u7269\u91ab\u9662\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u300c\u5169\u6b21\u7260\u90fd\u8b8a\u5f97\u884c\u70ba\u53e4\u602a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u5982\u5f80\u5e38\u5f85\u5728\u6307\u5c0e\u624b\u7684\u8eab\u65c1\uff0c\u6574\u5929\u4e00\u76f4\u8d77\u8eab\u8db4\u4e0b\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u7121\u7cbe\u6253\u91c7\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u73fe\u8c61\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7e8c\u4e8648\u5c0f\u6642\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u662f\u5341\u5206\u660e\u986f\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dr. Blake\u4e5f\u627e\u51fa\u62dc\u8033\u6587\u5ba3\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8655\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u53ea\u91dd\u5c0d\u87f2\u87f2\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c0d\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u597d\u5e7e\u4f4d\u5ba2\u6236\u544a\u8a34\u6211\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u624b\u6cbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e9bAdvantage\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6cbe\u5230\u5634\u5507\u6642\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u51fa\u73fe\u5634\u5507\u9ebb\u6728\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7e8c\u5e7e\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u3002\u9019\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u5c0d\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u6703\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6025\u6027\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u4f8b\u5982\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u53cd\u80c3\uff0c\u8179\u8154\u53ca\u8170\u690e\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u90fd\u8207\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00carbitol\u5361\u5fc5\u9187\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u6839\u64da\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5361\u5fc5\u9187\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u9019\u4e9b\u75c7\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u5730\u9019\u4e9b\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u7522\u54c1\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e0a\u520a\u8f09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7378\u91ab\u77ad\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u5371\u5bb3\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7f8e\u570b\u53ca\u82f1\u570b\u5df2\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7cbe\u795e\u840e\u9761\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u55dc\u7761\uff0c\u75d9\u6523\uff0c\u8180\u80f1\u6536\u7e2e\u4e0d\u826f\uff0c\u986b\u6296\uff0c\u56db\u80a2\u50f5\u786c\uff0c\u8ddb\u8db3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u76ae\u819a\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u90fd\u5217\u6709\u76ae\u819a\u611f\u67d3\u9019\u9805\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6587\u5ba3\u53ca\u5167\u9801\u8aaa\u660e\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\u9019\u9805\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5168\u90fd\u544a\u8a34\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u6b64\u9805\u7522\u54c1\u300c\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5916\u7528\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8981\u300c\u907f\u514d\u76ae\u819a\u63a5\u89f8\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u5ee0\u5546Merial\u5728\u5305\u88dd\u5167\u6709\u8aaa\u660e\u76ae\u819a\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7f8e\u570b\u65b0\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5dde\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6cbb\u7642\u7378\u91abDr. Dee Blanco\u5c31\u66fe\u6cbb\u764220\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u7f8e\u570bFarnam\uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u4ee5BioSpot\u53ca\u7206\u6bdb\u7c89\u8457\u7a31\uff09\u9019\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u9632\u86a4\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u6848\u4f8b\u3002Dr. Blanco\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u572824\u500b\u4f7f\u7528\u542b\u6709\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\u8fb2\u85e5\u6210\u4efd\u7684BioSpot\u6ef4\u5291\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u4e2d\uff0c\u670920\u4f8b\u6709\u76ae\u819a\u6414\u7662\uff0c\u51fa\u8840\u53ca\u812b\u843d\uff0c\u7d05\u75b9\uff0c\u6c34\u6ce1\uff0c\u76ae\u819a\u589e\u539a\u7684\u8c61\u76ae\u75c7\uff0c\u6389\u6bdb\u7b49\u6162\u6027\u76ae\u819a\u6414\u7662\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7cbe\u795e\u840e\u9761\uff0c\u55dc\u7761\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u809d\u81df\u4e2d\u6bd2\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6240\u6709\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86BioSpot\u6ef4\u5291\u5f8c\u5169\u9031\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u76ae\u819a\u5438\u6536\u5f8c\u800c\u6709\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u7684\u809d\u81df\u6bd2\u6027\u7522\u751f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u90fd\u75ca\u7652\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u72d7\u5152\u7dad\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\uff08\u9019\u662fFarnam\u5168\u7cfb\u5217\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u5230\u5404\u9805\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u53ca\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u97ff\u5831\u544ahttp:\/\/msds.farnam.com\/msdslist.htm\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dr. Blanco\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u96bb\u72d7\u5152\u5728\u4f7f\u7528BioSpot\u6ef4\u5291\u5f8c\u6b7b\u65bc\u809d\u764c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u65bd\u7528\u4e86BioSpot\u4f7f\u75c5\u60c5\u60e1\u5316\u3002\u5728EPA\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u5747\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7Permethrin\u9019\u7a2e\u8fb2\u85e5\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u81f4\u764c\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u5c0e\u81f4\u809d\u81df\u816b\u5927\u53ca\u764c\u75c7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dr. Dobozy\u6aa2\u8996\u6709\u95dc\u82ac\u666e\u5c3cfipronil\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f8c\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300dFrontline\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5145\u4efd\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f86\u81ea\u7378\u91ab\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\ufe63\ufe63\u76ae\u819a\u574d\u9677\u53ca\u5316\u5b78\u707c\u50b7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65bd\u7528\u9ede\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u7bc4\u570d\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u7576\u9019\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\u88ab\u62ab\u9732\u5f8c\uff0c\u300c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u300d\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u5ee0\u5546Merial\u5efa\u8b70\u8981\u5e6b\u72d7\u5152\u6d17\u6fa1\uff0c\u9019\u5be6\u5728\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6587\u5ba3\u90fd\u8aaa\u5728\u6d17\u6fa1\u5f8c\uff0c\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u85e5\u6548\u9084\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002
\u62dc\u8033\u7684Advantage\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u300c\u6301\u7e8c\u76ae\u819a\u63a5\u89f8\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u5c0e\u81f4\u76ae\u819a\u812b\u8102(defatting) …\uff0c\u8981\u907f\u514d\u76ae\u819a\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c…\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u8981\u6234\u4e0a\u624b\u5957\uff0c…\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cbe\u67d3\u5230\u7684\u8a71\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u57fa\u65bc\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u72d7\u5152\u82e5\u6b63\u70ba\u809d\u81df\uff0c\u814e\uff0c\u813e\uff0c\u80f8\u817a\uff0c\u814e\u4e0a\u817a\uff0c\u80ba\uff0c\u8166\u6216\u662f\u6027\u817a\u7b49\u6162\u6027\u75c5\u6240\u82e6\uff0c\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\uff0c\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u70ba\u764c\u75c7\u3002\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7Permethrin\u88ab\u8b49\u5be6\u8207\u809d\u81df\u53ca\u80ba\u7684\u816b\u7624\u8207\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u75be\u75c5\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u5291\u91cf\u5c31\u6703\u5c0d\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u76ca\u9054\u80fa(Imidacloprid)\u5728\u4ee5\u72d7\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e2d\u88ab\u8b49\u5be6\u8207\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u816b\u7624\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u77ad\u89e3\u81f4\u764c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u800c\u6839\u64daEPA\u7684\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u82ac\u666e\u5c3cfipronil\u4e5f\u6703\u9020\u6210\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u764c\uff0cDr.Dobozy\u8868\u793a\u300c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5728\u9577\u6642\u9593\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u5f8c\u6703\u5c0d\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u9020\u6210\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Journal of Pesticide Reform\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005Caroline Cox\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u76ca\u9054\u80fa\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u6703\u9020\u6210\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u816b\u7624\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u610f\u5916\u6d41\u7522\u3001\u7a81\u8b8a\u3001\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u7b49\u6a5f\u7387\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u76ca\u9054\u80fa\u7d93\u904e\u9ad4\u5167\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u6bd2\u6027\uff0c\u5c0d\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u6703\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u76ca\u9054\u80fa\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u5728\u65bd\u7528\u6ef4\u5291\u5f8c\u5c31\u6703\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7acb\u5373\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u6210\u5e74\u53ca\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u8207\u5e7c\u72ac\uff0c\u8001\u72ac\u6216\u6709\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u7acb\u5373\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u800c\u66dd\u9732\u65bc\u591a\u7a2e\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9632\u86a4\u9805\u5708\uff0c\u5674\u5291\uff0c\u6ef4\u5291\uff0c\u9664\u86a4\u7c89\uff0c\u5ead\u9662\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c4b\u5167\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7b49\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7522\u751f\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u53ca\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c0d\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u9245\u3002EPA\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u90e8\u9580\u7684Dr. Jerry Blondell\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u5728\u8001\u7684\uff0c\u751f\u75c5\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5bf5\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u300d\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6587\u5ba3\u5c0d\u9019\u7528\u6cd5\u5f88\u4f4e\u8abf\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u8a31\u591a\u72d7\u4e3b\u4eba\u53ca\u7378\u91ab\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u7406\u6703\u9019\u9805\u8b66\u8a9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u96d6\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5831\u544a\u9084\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6574\u9ad4\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u9084\u5f88\u65b0\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u9084\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u7576\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5728\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u5b57\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u5747\u5448\u5169\u982d\u4f4e\u4e2d\u9593\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e38\u614b\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u9418\u578b\u66f2\u7dda(bell-shaped curve)\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u65b9\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u654f\u611f\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u5247\u662f\u8f03\u9811\u56fa\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7aef\u8207\u4e2d\u9593\u76f8\u6bd4\u662f\u6578\u91cf\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u70ba\u6578\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5247\u662f\u610f\u898b\u7d1b\u96dc\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u3002\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\ufe63\ufe63\u7522\u751f\u6bd2\u6027\u75c7\u72c0\u7684\u72d7\u5152\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e74\u8f15\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u72d7\u5152\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b66\u6212\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u6642\u9593\u65e9\u665a\u554f\u984c\u7f77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u9078\u64c7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u75c5\u87f2\u5bb3\u6574\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\uff08Integrated Pest Management\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31\u70baIPM\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u75c5\u87f2\u5bb3\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u9805\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff1a
1. \u5c07\u5bb3\u7269\u4e4b\u65cf\u7fa4\u7dad\u6301\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u5371\u5bb3\u6c34\u6e96\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8d95\u76e1\u6bba\u7d55\uff1b
2. \u5118\u91cf\u63a1\u7528\u975e\u5316\u5b78\u88fd\u5291\u4e4b\u9632\u6cbb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b
3. \u7576\u85e5\u5291\u4e4b\u61c9\u7528\u5df2\u7121\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6642\uff0c\u5b9c\u614e\u9078\u85e5\u5291\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u5c0d\u6709\u76ca\u751f\u7269\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u53ca\u74b0\u5883\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u964d\u81f3\u6700\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5ba4\u5167\u53ca\u5ba4\u5916\u7684\u5929\u7136\u9632\u86a4\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9644\u9304\u4e00\uff1a
\u5404\u9805\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u7d93\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u52d5\u7269\u8b49\u660e\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u61c9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fipronil\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c\uff1a
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u81f4\u764c\uff08\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u764c\uff09\uff0c\u5668\u5b98\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u5668\u5b98\u816b\u5927\uff0c\u5e72\u64fe\u8377\u723e\u8499\uff09\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u98df\u617e\u4e0d\u632f\uff0c\u6d3b\u529b\u5dee\uff0c\u5420\u53eb\uff0c\u55da\u54bd\uff0c\u75d9\u6523\uff0c\u6d41\u6d8e\uff0c\u56db\u80a2\u9ebb\u75fa\uff0c\u6b65\u5c65\u8e63\u8dda\uff0c\u77e5\u89ba\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u7578\u80ce\uff08\u751f\u80b2\u6578\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u80ce\u6578\u6e1b\u5c11\u53ca\u9ad4\u91cd\u6e1b\u91cd\uff0c\u6b7b\u80ce\uff09\uff0c\u76ae\u819a\u554f\u984c\uff08\u6ebc\u75b9\uff0c\u6f70\u760d\uff0c\u584c\u9677\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u707c\u50b7\uff0c\u6414\u7662\uff0c\u6389\u6bdb\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Imidacloprid\u76ca\u9054\u80fa\uff1a
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u81f4\u764c\uff08\u5c1a\u672a\u8b49\u5be6\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u764c\u75c7\uff0c\u7d93\u72d7\u9ad4\u5be6\u9a57\u70ba\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u75c5\u8b8a\uff09\uff0c\u5668\u5b98\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u809d\uff0c\u814e\uff0c\u5fc3\u81df\uff0c\u80ba\uff0c\u813e\uff0c\u6ccc\u5c3f\uff0c\u8166\uff0c\u7532\u72c0\u817a\uff0c\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u589e\u52a0\uff09\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u77e5\u89ba\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u808c\u8089\u7121\u529b\uff09\uff0c\u7578\u80ce\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u6d41\u7522\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u80ce\u5152\u8f03\u5c0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Methoprene\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\uff1a
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u5668\u5b98\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u809d\u816b\u5927\uff09\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u53ca\u5589\u56a8\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u982d\u6688\uff0c\u5641\u5fc3\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\uff1a
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u81f4\u764c\uff08\u809d\u53ca\u80ba\u816b\u7624\uff09\uff0c\u5668\u5b98\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u814e\u816b\u5927\uff09\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u986b\u6296\uff0c\u77e5\u89ba\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u653b\u64ca\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u9ad4\u6eab\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8a8d\u77e5\u5931\u8abf\uff09\uff0c\u7578\u80ce\uff08\u80ce\u76e4\u611f\u67d3\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u9aa8\u9ad3\u6539\u8b8a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pyriproxyfen\u767e\u5229\u666e\u82ac
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u7578\u80ce\uff08\u9ad4\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\u53ca\u80ce\u5152\u6709\u6bd2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ethanol\u4e59\u9187
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u6b21\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u7578\u80ce\uff08\u5c0d\u80ce\u5152\u6709\u4e0d\u826f\u5f8c\u679c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
BHT
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u6b21\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u81f4\u764c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
BHA
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u6b21\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u81f4\u764c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Carbitol\u5361\u5fc5\u9187
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u6b21\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u6cae\u55aa\uff0c\u5614\u5410\uff0c\u53cd\u80c3\uff0c\u8179\u90e8\u53ca\u6dcb\u5df4\u75bc\u75db\uff09\uff0c\u5668\u5b98\u53d7\u640d\uff08\u8166\u90e8\uff0c\u80ba\uff0c\u809d\u75c5\u8b8a\uff0c\u6025\u6027\u80ba\u6c34\u816b\uff0c\u6eb6\u8840\u53ca\u9aa8\u9ad3\u6e1b\u5c11\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Polyvinlpyrrolidone\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u8434\u54af\u70f7\u916e
*\u5c64\u7d1a\uff1a\u6b21\u6210\u4efd
*\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u88abEPA\u5217\u70ba\u81f4\u764c\u53ef\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u4f86\u81eaEPA\uff08Environmental Protection Agency\uff09\uff0cOccupational Safety & Health Administration, US Dept. of Labor; Extoxnet: Extension Toxicology Network; Journal of Pesticide Reform, Material Safety Data Sheets, Pesticide Action Network North America\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9644\u9304\u4e8c\uff1a
\u542b\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6ef4\u5291\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u5206\u6790\uff08\u672a\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u4e4b\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u4e0d\u542b\u6709\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5c07\u5176\u6210\u4efd\u5c0d\u7167\u672c\u4e3b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u9805\u6210\u4efd\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u8aaa\u660e\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Advantage\u86a4\u5b89
Bayer Corporation.\u62dc\u8033
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a9.1% imidacloprid\u76ca\u9054\u80fa
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a90.9%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002
(MSDS\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u6307\u51fa\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6eb6\u5291\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff1a
K9 Advantix 55\u76ca\u767e\u5206
Bayer Corporation.\u62dc\u8033
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a44.0% permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a47.2%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adams Spot-on Flea & Tick Control
Farnam Pet Products.
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a45% permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a55.5%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bio-Spot Flea & Tick Control
Farnam Pet Products.
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a45% permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\u30015% pyriproxyfen\u767e\u5229\u666e\u82ac
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a50%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Defend Exspot Treatment
Schering-Plough Animal Health,
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a65% permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a35%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Frontline Top Spot\u86a4\u4e0d\u5230
Merial Limited\u9f8d\u99ac\u8e8d
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a9.7% fipronil\u82ac\u666e\u5c3c
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a90.3%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002
(MSDS\u7269\u8cea\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u6307\u51fa\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\u5305\u542b
7.7%\u7684\u4e59\u9187
6.9%\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u8434\u54af\u70f7\u916e polyvinlpyrrolidone (PVP) \uff08\u8b6f\u8a3b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u767d\u8272\u7c89\u672b\u6216\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u6613\u6eb6\u65bc\u6c34\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u7570\u4e19\u9187\u6216\u6c2f\uff09
0.3%\u7684BHA (Butylhydroxyanisole)\u9632\u8150\u5291
0.3%\u7684BHT(Butylhydroxytoluene)\u9632\u8150\u5291
carbitol\u5361\u5fc5\u9187\uff08diethylene glycol monoethyl ether)\u3002
\u800cFrontline Plus\u8207Frontline Top Spot\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u591a\u52a0\u4e868.8%\u7684\u6606\u87f2\u8abf\u7bc0\u5291\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74\uff08methoprene\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zodiac FleaTrol Spot on
Wellmark International
\u4e3b\u6210\u4efd\uff1a45% permethrin\u767e\u6ec5\u5be7\u30013% methoprene\u7f8e\u8cdc\u5e74
\u6b21\u6210\u4efd\uff1a52%\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWDJ\u96dc\u8a8c2002\u5e742\u6708\u865f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005Kathleen Dudley\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u96d6\u7136\u5ee0\u5546\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\u8a5e\u8aaa\u5b83\u5c0d\u6bdb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7121\u6bd2\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u7136\u3002
\n\u53ea\u56e0\u70ba\u55ae\u7d14\u5730\u4ee5\u70ba\u8df3\u86a4\u662f\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u6606\u87f2\uff0c\u5728\u72d7\u72d7\u8eab\u4e0a\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u70ba\u4e86\u5c07\u8df3\u86a4\u58c1\u8768\u5168\u9762\u8d95\u51fa\u72d7\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u865b\u7121\u6f02\u6e3a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u53bb\u6bd2\u5bb3\u4f60\u7684\u72d7\u5152\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u9ede\u9053\u7406\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6bcf\u5e74\u5168\u7f8e\u9632\u86a4\u6ef4\u5291\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u6709\u8d85\u904e\uff15\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u92b7\u91cf\u3002
\n\u7576\u7136\u8df3\u86a4\u8207\u58c1\u8768\u662f\u6703\u4ee4\u72d7\u5152\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff09\u611f\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u9632\u86a4\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u7269\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8df3\u86a4\u58c1\u8768\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u85c9\u7531\u5c0d\u5927\u8166\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u5291\u4f86\u9664\u53bb\u72d7\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u8df3\u86a4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u5e72\u64fe\u4e86\u7260\u7684\u5167\u5206\u6ccc\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4\u764c\u75c7\u2014\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u653e\u4e00\u628a\u706b\u628a\u623f\u5b50\u71d2\u4e86\u4f86\u6d88\u6ec5\u5c4b\u4e2d\u7684\u87f2\u87f2\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53c8\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15717,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[402,156,116,140,90,139,299],"class_list":{"0":"post-15719","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-furkids_health","8":"tag-402","9":"tag-156","10":"tag-116","11":"tag-140","12":"tag-90","13":"tag-139","14":"tag-299"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15719"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15720,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15719\/revisions\/15720"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.murmurdnk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}